百家樂起源和早期歷史
百家樂的起源可以追溯到15世紀的義大利,特別是佛羅倫斯。最初,這個遊戲被稱為「Baccara」,意為「零」,指的是遊戲中所有面卡和十卡的點數都是零。遊戲的目標是達到接近9點的牌組合。當時,百家樂是一個流行的貴族娛樂,經常在貴族聚會和宴會中進行。
The origins of the game are disputed, and some sources claim that it dates to the 19th century. Other sources claim that the game was introduced into France from Italy at the end of the 15th century by soldiers returning from the Italian Wars during the reign of Charles VIII.
Baccarat has been popular among the French nobility since the 19th century. During the Napoleonic era and before the legalization of casino gambling in 1907, people in France commonly played baccarat in private gaming rooms.
Dating to this time period, Baccarat Banque is the earliest form of baccarat; it is a three-person game and mentioned in Album des jeux by Charles Van-Tenac. Later, Chemin de Fer emerged as a two-person, zero-sum game from Baccarat Banque. Baccarat Punto Banco, in which the bettor bets on whether the Player or the Banker hand wins, was a significant change in the development of modern baccarat. It developed into a house-banked game in Havana in the 1940s, and is the most popular modern form. (資料來源 )
發展和演變
百家樂在17世紀傳入法國,並在那裡接受了一些變化,包括更名為「Chemin de Fer」(意為鐵路),並且可以在法國賭場中找到。這個版本的百家樂保留了原始遊戲的基本規則,但加入了一些新的賭注選項,使遊戲變得更具挑戰性。
19世紀,百家樂傳入英國,並經歷了進一步的演變。在英國,它被稱為「Punto Banco」,並且是一個非常受歡迎的賭博遊戲。英國版本的百家樂保持了法國版本的規則,但簡化了一些遊戲流程,使其更容易上手。
The overwhelming majority of casino baccarat games in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Finland, and Macau are “punto banco” baccarat and they may be seen labelled simply as “Baccarat”. In punto banco, the casino banks the game at all times, and commits to playing out both hands according to fixed drawing rules, known as the “tableau” (French: “board”), in contrast to more historic baccarat games where each hand is associated with an individual who makes drawing choices.
The player (punto) and banker (banco) are simply designations for the two hands dealt out in each coup, two outcomes which the bettor can back; the player hand has no particular association with the gambler, nor the banker hand with the house. (資料來源 )
百家樂在不同國家的變化和流行
- 法國:在法國,百家樂仍然是一個受歡迎的賭博遊戲,特別是在一些高級賭場中。法國版本的百家樂保持了其歷史特色,並經常成為社交活動和特殊場合的一部分。
- 英國:在英國,百家樂在一段時間內相對不受重視,但近年來,它再次變得流行,特別是在線上賭場中。現代英國百家樂通常採用法國或美國版本的規則。
- 美國:美國的百家樂通常被稱為「Mini-Baccarat」,並且在拉斯維加斯等賭城中廣受歡迎。美國版本的百家樂通常使用六副或八副撲克牌,並擁有自己獨特的規則和賭注選項。
百家樂發展脈絡
百家樂的成功和流行在很大程度上歸功於它的簡單性和刺激性。它的演變過程反映了賭博遊戲如何隨著時間和地區而變化,以滿足不同文化和玩家的需求。現代賭場中的百家樂是一個具有廣泛吸引力的遊戲,吸引了來自世界各地的玩家,並成為許多賭場的主要收入來源之一。
結論
百家樂作為一個歷史悠久的賭博遊戲,從它的起源和早期歷史一直演變到現代,留下了豐富多彩的發展脈絡。不同國家和地區的變化和流行反映了百家樂的多樣性和吸引力。無論它如何演變,百家樂都是一個令人著迷的遊戲,繼續吸引著全球各地的玩家。
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